Focusing on the role of nutritional status or specific nutrients in the regulation of gene expression, nutrigenomics seeks to develop personalized diets based on an individual’s genetic code, to optimize the expression of certain genes.  On a greater scale, nutrigenomics may herald greater knowledge as to how diet influences the disease state at the gene or molecular levels. Koushik Adhikari, from Kansas State University (Kansas, USA), and colleagues propose that: “Through nutrigenomic research, new nutritional regulation of gene expression will hopefully come to light. If specific nutrient regulation of genes closely related to disease onset or progression is identified, new arenas for disease prevention and potential for treatment will come to the foreground of nutritional research and preventive medicine.”