Physical Activity Promotes Cognitive Health

Previous studies have associated physical activity with lower risk of cognitive decline and progression to dementia.  Ana Verdelho, from the University of Lisbon (Portugal), and colleagues involved in the LADIS (Leukoaraiosis and Disability) Study studied 638 men and women, average age 74.1 years, of whom 64% were considered physically active at baseline. Baseline MRI revealed the severity of white matter changes categorized as mild and 44% of subjects, moderate and 31%, and severe 25%.  Participants were given neuropsychological tests annually for three years. A second MRI brain scan was given at the study's conclusion, to evaluate the severity of white matter changes. The team found that physical activity associated with less progression to cognitive impairment or vascular dementia.  However, physical activity was not found to be related to changes in the risk of Alzheimer's disease. The study authors conclude that: "Physical activity reduces the risk of cognitive impairment, mainly vascular dementia, in older people living independently.”